MODERN ISLAMIC LEGAL THOUGHT ON CALIPHATE AND CIVIL STATE WITH ISLAMIC ORIENTATION

Abstract

The article touches approaches of the modern Islamic legal thought to public power and government. Special attention is paid to discussions about the character of the modern Islamic state. The arguments against revival of Islamic power as religious institution are analyzed as well as the views of Muslim specialists in legal and political studies on combining of Islamic power with democratic values are presented. The key sides of the modern conception of civil Islamic state are emphasized. In this light disputes on possibility of revival of Caliphate in the modern Muslim world are covered. At the same time positions of the leading centers of modern Islamic thought towards viewing existing Muslim states as genuine Islamic institutions are presented. The author in detail analyzes the latest Islamic conception of civil state with Islamic or Shariat orientation as the most appropriate for modern Islamic world.